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Acupoint Application Combined with Acupressure as an Adjunctive Therapy for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
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Parapheromones Suppress Chemotherapy Side Effects
Goeun Lee1, Eunhee Yang1, Sojin Kim1
1Departments of Physiology (G.L., E.Y., S.K., Y.-H.J.) and Micro Biology (C.-S.P., Y.S.P.), College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
|August 24, 2018
Summary
Farnesol and nerolidol, natural compounds, show antiemetic effects against chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) by blocking serotonin receptors. Farnesol also helps reduce appetite loss and weight gain during cancer treatment.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Natural Products Chemistry
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) are significant side effects impacting cancer patients' quality of life.
- Serotonin type 3 receptor (5-HT3R) activation in the brainstem is a key mechanism underlying CINV.
- Farnesol and nerolidol, found in essential oils, are explored for their potential antiemetic properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the antiemetic efficacy of farnesol and nerolidol against cisplatin-induced CINV in a rat model.
- To investigate the mechanism of action by examining the effects of farnesol and nerolidol on 5-HT3R activity.
- To assess the impact of these compounds on cisplatin-induced appetite suppression and weight loss.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the pica behavior assay in rats to measure antiemetic effects against cisplatin-induced CINV.
- Employed patch-clamp electrophysiology to test the inhibition of 5-HT3R-mediated currents by farnesol and nerolidol isomers.
- Monitored food consumption and body weight changes in treated and control animal groups.
Main Results:
- Both farnesol and nerolidol significantly reduced kaolin intake, indicating antiemetic efficacy.
- Farnesol treatment led to increased food consumption and reduced body weight loss compared to controls.
- All tested farnesol and nerolidol isomers non-competitively inhibited 5-HT3R-mediated currents.
Conclusions:
- Farnesol and nerolidol demonstrate antiemetic potential, likely through the inhibition of 5-HT3R signaling in visceral afferents.
- Farnesol offers additional benefits by mitigating cisplatin-induced anorexia and weight loss.
- While both compounds target 5-HT3R, nerolidol's lack of effect on weight loss suggests other contributing mechanisms.
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