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Photonic topological Anderson insulators.

Simon Stützer1, Yonatan Plotnik2, Yaakov Lumer3

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Disorder can surprisingly create protected edge states and enhance transport in topological Anderson insulators. This study experimentally demonstrates this phenomenon in a photonic system, reversing traditional understanding of disorder effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Photonics
  • Topological Materials

Background:

  • Two-dimensional topological insulators exhibit robust quantized transport due to protected edge states.
  • Strong disorder typically closes the bandgap, leading to Anderson localization and vanishing transport.
  • Topological Anderson insulators propose that disorder can induce topological phases and protected transport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally demonstrate the existence of topological Anderson insulators.
  • To investigate the role of disorder in inducing topological phases in a photonic system.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing an array of helical evanescently coupled waveguides in a honeycomb geometry.
  • Introducing on-site disorder via random variations in waveguide refractive indices.

Main Results:

  • The system transitioned from a trivial phase to a topological phase upon addition of disorder.
  • Experimental evidence for the emergence of protected edge states and enhanced transport was observed.
  • Disorder was shown to induce, rather than inhibit, transport in this photonic system.

Conclusions:

  • Disorder can drive a topologically trivial system into a topological phase.
  • This work provides the first experimental realization of a photonic topological Anderson insulator.
  • The findings challenge conventional understanding by showing disorder can enhance transport.