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Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Characterization of MLKL-mediated Plasma Membrane Rupture in Necroptosis
Published on: August 7, 2018
Detection of MLKL Oligomerization During Programmed Necrosis
Zhenyu Cai1,2, Zheng-Gang Liu3
1Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Abstract:
Programmed necrosis, also known as necroptosis, is a form of regulated necrotic cell death that is mediated by receptor-interacting protein kinases RIP1 (or RIPK1), RIP3 (or RIPK3), and the mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein, MLKL. Following the induction of programmed necrosis, MLKL is phosphorylated by RIP3 and oligomerizes and then the protein translocates to cell plasma membrane in order to execute programmed necrosis. Here, we describe a detailed protocol to detect MLKL oligomerization in necroptotic cells by Western blotting analysis under nonreducing condition. Therefore, we established the method to detect the activation of programmed necrotic pathway.
Insights
This study details a Western blotting method to detect mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) oligomerization, a key step in programmed necrosis (necroptosis). This protocol aids in identifying the activation of the necroptosis pathway.
Area of Science:
- Cellular Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Programmed necrosis, or necroptosis, is a regulated form of cell death.
- It involves receptor-interacting protein kinases (RIPK1, RIPK3) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL).
- MLKL activation, specifically oligomerization, is crucial for executing necroptosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish a detailed protocol for detecting MLKL oligomerization.
- To provide a method for assessing the activation of the programmed necrosis pathway.
Main Methods:
- Western blotting analysis under nonreducing conditions.
- Detection of MLKL oligomerization in cells undergoing necroptosis.
Main Results:
- A reliable method to detect MLKL oligomerization was established.
- The protocol allows for the assessment of programmed necrosis pathway activation.
Conclusions:
- The developed Western blotting protocol effectively detects MLKL oligomerization.
- This method is valuable for studying necroptosis and its regulatory mechanisms.
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