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Rapid Molecular Detection and Differentiation of Influenza Viruses A and B
05:38

Rapid Molecular Detection and Differentiation of Influenza Viruses A and B

Published on: January 30, 2017

"Differential risk of hospitalization among single virus infections causing influenza-like illnesses"

Ana A Ortiz-Hernández1, Katherine K Nishimura2, Daniel E Noyola3

  • 1Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Ciudad de México, México.

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses
|August 24, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and metapneumovirus infections pose the highest hospitalization risk in children with influenza-like illness (ILI). Other viruses like rhinovirus and influenza present a lower risk for severe outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Virology
  • Public health

Background:

  • Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are a significant cause of childhood illness.
  • The comparative severity of various viral etiologies for ARIs remains unclear.
  • Understanding viral risk is crucial for managing pediatric respiratory illnesses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the hospitalization risk associated with different viruses in children presenting with influenza-like illness (ILI).
  • To quantify the relative severity of common viral respiratory pathogens in young children.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from children aged 5 years or younger in an ILI natural history study (April 2010–March 2014).
  • Estimation of adjusted odds ratios for hospitalization based on detected viral infections.
  • Inclusion of potential confounders such as age, sex, and underlying health conditions.

Main Results:

  • Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and metapneumovirus infections were associated with significantly higher hospitalization odds.
  • Viruses including rhinovirus/enterovirus, parainfluenza, coronavirus, adenovirus, and influenza showed lower hospitalization risks compared to RSV and metapneumovirus.
  • RSV and metapneumovirus infections demonstrated odds ratios of 2.7 and 1.9, respectively, for hospitalization compared to parainfluenza viruses.

Conclusions:

  • RSV and metapneumovirus are the primary viral drivers of hospitalization in children with ILI.
  • While other viruses like rhinovirus and influenza also cause ILI, they are associated with a comparatively lower risk of hospitalization.
  • These findings aid in risk stratification and resource allocation for pediatric respiratory infections.
Abstract

Keywords:
acute respiratory infectionhospitalizationinfluenza-like illnesssingle virus

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