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DNA as a Genetic Template

DNA as a Genetic Template

Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...

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Ligand Binding Sites

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

A Technique to Functionalize and Self-assemble Macroscopic Nanoparticle-ligand Monolayer Films onto Template-free Substrates

A Technique to Functionalize and Self-assemble Macroscopic Nanoparticle-ligand Monolayer Films onto Template-free Substrates

Published on: May 9, 2014

Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation.

Lukas J Jongkind¹, Xavier Caumes¹, Arnout P T Hartendorp¹

¹Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS) , Universiteit van Amsterdam , Sciencepark 904 , 1098 XH Amsterdam , the Netherlands.

Accounts of Chemical Research

|August 24, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists developed a new ligand template approach for catalyst encapsulation, creating molecular cages around transition metals. This method enhances catalyst control and performance in various chemical reactions, offering unique advantages over traditional techniques.

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Area of Science:

Supramolecular Chemistry
Catalysis
Materials Science

Background:

Molecular cages are of great interest for controlling chemical reactions, similar to enzyme active sites.
Encapsulating homogeneous catalysts in cages presents challenges due to dynamic changes in catalyst structure during reactions.
Existing methods for molecular encapsulation often struggle with the dynamic nature of catalysts.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel strategy for encapsulating homogeneous catalysts within self-assembled molecular cages.
To demonstrate the versatility of the ligand template approach for controlling catalyst properties.
To explore the benefits of confined catalysis in enhancing reaction rates and selectivity.

Main Methods:

Development of a 'ligand template approach' using building blocks with multiple binding sites.
Self-assembly of these ligand building blocks around a transition metal center to form a catalytic capsule.
Synthesis of mononuclear capsules and nanospheres containing multiple metal complexes.
Application of encapsulated catalysts in various reactions including hydroformylation, hydrogenation, and cyclization.

Main Results:

Successful encapsulation of transition metal catalysts within self-assembled molecular cages.
Demonstrated high enantioselectivity in hydroformylation reactions using encapsulated rhodium catalysts.
Achieved significant reaction rate enhancements in gold-catalyzed cyclizations and ruthenium-catalyzed water oxidation using multi-complex nanospheres.
Showcased the ability to tune catalyst properties by modifying the cage-forming building blocks.

Conclusions:

The ligand template approach provides a versatile method for creating well-defined catalytic environments.
Catalyst encapsulation within molecular cages offers superior control over activity, selectivity, and stability.
This strategy enables the development of advanced catalysts with properties unattainable through traditional methods.