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Related Concept Videos

Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Transcription01:10

Transcription

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Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
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Prokaryotic Transcriptional Activators and Repressors01:58

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The organization of prokaryotic genes in their genome is notably different from that of eukaryotes. Prokaryotic genes are organized, such that the genes for proteins involved in the same biochemical process or function are located together in groups. This group of genes, along with their regulatory elements, are collectively known as an operon. The functional genes in an operon are transcribed together to give a single strand of mRNA known as polycistronic mRNA.
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Transcription Elongation Factors02:35

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Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA...
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Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators02:13

Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators

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Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome.  Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form...
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Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

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Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
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Strap associates with Csde1 and affects expression of select Csde1-bound transcripts.

Kat S Moore1, Nurcan Yagci1, Floris van Alphen2

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Cold shock domain protein e1 (Csde1) and Strap protein complexes regulate mRNA translation during erythropoiesis. Their interaction impacts key proteins for hypoxia response, enucleation, and ribosome function.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Hematopoiesis

Background:

  • Erythropoiesis, the process of red blood cell formation, is tightly regulated at the mRNA translation level.
  • Environmental factors like hypoxia necessitate rapid changes in gene expression via controlled translation.
  • Cold shock domain protein e1 (Csde1) is an RNA-binding protein crucial for erythropoiesis and highly expressed in erythroblasts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify Csde1-containing protein complexes in erythroblasts.
  • To investigate the role of these complexes in post-transcriptional control of Csde1-bound transcripts.

Main Methods:

  • Co-immunoprecipitation to identify Csde1-associated proteins.
  • RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (RIP-seq) to identify Csde1-bound transcripts.
  • Knockdown experiments to assess the functional impact of protein depletion.

Main Results:

  • Serine/Threonine kinase receptor-associated protein (Strap) was identified as the primary Csde1-interacting protein in erythroblasts.
  • Strap knockdown altered the expression of Csde1-bound transcripts encoding proteins involved in translational regulation during hypoxia (e.g., Hmbs, eIF4g3, Pabpc4).
  • Strap depletion also affected transcripts crucial for erythrocyte enucleation (Vim) and Gata-1 mRNA stability (Elavl1).
  • Both Csde1 and Strap were implicated in regulating ribosome function and cell cycle control.

Conclusions:

  • Csde1 forms functional complexes with Strap in erythroblasts, influencing post-transcriptional gene expression.
  • The Csde1-Strap complex plays a critical role in regulating the translation of specific mRNAs essential for erythropoiesis, particularly under hypoxic conditions.
  • This interaction impacts key cellular processes including hypoxia response, erythrocyte maturation, and ribosome biogenesis.