[Study on diffusion kurtosis imaging in hyperacute phase of mild traumatic brain injury]

Objective: To explore the changes of cerebral white matter in the hyperacute period (<24 h) patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) by diffusion kurtosis imaging(DKI) technique. Methods: A total of 52 patients with mTBI were included in this study, collected in Emergency Department of Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University from May 2016 to June 2017. Twenty-one healthy controls were recruited at the mean time(gender, age and years of education were matched with the patients). DKI data were acquired with 3.0 T scanners.The FSL software was used to preprocess the DKI data, and the white matter abnormalities were detected by tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). Results: There were no statistical differences in gender, age and years of education between mTBI patients and healthy controls (P=0.427, P=0.235, P=0.165). The values of MK of the body of corpus callosum (BCC), the genu of corpus callosum (GCC), the splenium of corpus callosum (SCC), the bilateral anterior limb of interbal capsule (ALIP), the right posterior limb of internal capsule (PLIC_R), the bilateral anterior corona radiate (ACR), the bilateral posterior corona radiate (PCR), the bilateral superior corona radiate (SCR), the left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF_L)and the bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) were lower in mTBI patients((1.095±0.080), (1.130±0.066), (1.160±0.080), (1.135±0.077), (1.108±0.076), (1.203±0.069), (1.073±0.056), (1.052±0.055), (1.170±0.055), (1.149±0.050), (1.028±0.056), (1.051±0.059), (0.868±0.060), (1.194±0.048), (1.183±0.054) mm(2)/s) than those in healthy controls((1.153±0.054), (1.184±0.057), (1.215±0.068), (1.181±0.053), (1.163±0.062), (1.258±0.041), (1.115±0.037), (1.096±0.049), (1.210±0.040), (1.190±0.049), (1.063±0.042), (1.087±0.057), (0.913±0.063), (1.236±0.047), (1.214±0.038) mm(2)/s)(P<0.01). However, there were no statistical differences in fractional anisotropy (FA) between groups (P>0.01). Conclusion: DKI technology is more sensitive in detecting cerebral white matter abnormalities in patients with hyperacute mTBI which routine MRI findings was normal.