Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:39

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

111.0K
Overview
111.0K
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:20

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

7.9K
Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The molecules bound to these receptors are taken into the cell through inward folding of the cell surface membrane, which is eventually pinched off into a vesicle within the cell. Structural proteins, such as clathrin, coat the budding vesicle.
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...
7.9K
Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

7.7K
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
7.7K
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

11.9K
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
11.9K
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

3.4K
3.4K
Carrier-Mediated Transport01:06

Carrier-Mediated Transport

1.3K
Carrier-mediated transport is a pivotal process in drug absorption, particularly for lipid-insoluble drugs, and encompasses facilitated diffusion and active transport. Facilitated diffusion allows drugs to move along their concentration gradient without energy expenditure, while active transport utilizes ATP to drive drug movement against this gradient.
Active transport involves two types of membrane-spanning transporters: uptake and efflux. Uptake transporters are expressed in the small...
1.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A multi-omics approach to maize (Zea mays) tassel development.

BMC plant biology·2026
Same author

Preventing premature deaths through polygenic risk scores.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

FX-Cell: a method for single-cell RNA sequencing on difficult-to-digest and cryopreserved plant samples.

Nature methods·2025
Same author

The establishment of the anther somatic niche with single-cell sequencing.

Developmental biology·2024
Same author

Ribosome binding of phasiRNA precursors accelerates the 24-nt phasiRNA burst in meiotic maize anthers.

The Plant cell·2024
Same author

Patient and carer experiences of living with multiple myeloma and myelodysplastic syndrome.

Psycho-oncology·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Imaging and Analysis for Quantifying Maize (Zea mays) Abiotic Stress Phenotypes
06:41

Imaging and Analysis for Quantifying Maize (Zea mays) Abiotic Stress Phenotypes

Published on: March 28, 2025

1.7K

PHENOTYPES MEDIATED BY THE IOJAP GENOTYPE IN MAIZE.

Edward H Coe1,2, Deborah Thompson3,2, Virginia Walbot2,4

  • 1U.S. Department of Agriculture and Department of Agronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211.

American Journal of Botany
|August 25, 2018
PubMed
Summary

The maize iojap gene causes white leaf striping and reduced growth due to position- and differentiation-dependent defects. Maternal inheritance of iojap-affected plastids shows clonal changes, highlighting critical plastid development during gametogenesis.

More Related Videos

Micron-scale Phenotyping Techniques of Maize Vascular Bundles Based on X-ray Microcomputed Tomography
06:21

Micron-scale Phenotyping Techniques of Maize Vascular Bundles Based on X-ray Microcomputed Tomography

Published on: October 9, 2018

9.4K
Agrobacterium-Mediated Immature Embryo Transformation of Recalcitrant Maize Inbred Lines Using Morphogenic Genes
10:28

Agrobacterium-Mediated Immature Embryo Transformation of Recalcitrant Maize Inbred Lines Using Morphogenic Genes

Published on: February 14, 2020

24.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Imaging and Analysis for Quantifying Maize (Zea mays) Abiotic Stress Phenotypes
06:41

Imaging and Analysis for Quantifying Maize (Zea mays) Abiotic Stress Phenotypes

Published on: March 28, 2025

1.7K
Micron-scale Phenotyping Techniques of Maize Vascular Bundles Based on X-ray Microcomputed Tomography
06:21

Micron-scale Phenotyping Techniques of Maize Vascular Bundles Based on X-ray Microcomputed Tomography

Published on: October 9, 2018

9.4K
Agrobacterium-Mediated Immature Embryo Transformation of Recalcitrant Maize Inbred Lines Using Morphogenic Genes
10:28

Agrobacterium-Mediated Immature Embryo Transformation of Recalcitrant Maize Inbred Lines Using Morphogenic Genes

Published on: February 14, 2020

24.9K

Area of Science:

  • Plant genetics
  • Developmental biology
  • Cell biology

Background:

  • The iojap gene in maize (Zea mays) controls plastid development, and mutations result in characteristic white leaf striping and reduced growth.
  • Understanding the iojap phenotype is crucial for deciphering nuclear-plastid interactions during plant development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental basis of the iojap phenotype in maize.
  • To determine the role of nuclear genes in plastid inheritance and development.
  • To analyze the influence of genetic background on iojap gene expression.

Main Methods:

  • Phenotypic analysis of maize plants homozygous for the iojap mutation (ij/ij).
  • Mapping of seedling progeny from iojap-carrying ears to analyze maternal inheritance patterns.
  • Observation of reversion sectors and their clonal lineages.
  • Analysis of embryo development in iojap zygotes and maternal progeny.

Main Results:

  • The iojap phenotype exhibits predictable, position-dependent, and differentiation-dependent patterns, varying with genetic background.
  • Maternally inherited iojap-affected plastids are stably nongreening and show clonal sectoring, indicating critical plastid sorting during gametogenesis.
  • Embryo abortion in iojap mutants suggests organelle involvement in embryogenesis influenced by nuclear genes.

Conclusions:

  • The iojap gene's effects are linked to organ development progression rather than cell-specific changes.
  • Plastid development and inheritance are tightly regulated by nuclear genes, particularly during meiosis and gametogenesis.
  • Nuclear-plastid interactions are essential for normal embryogenesis in maize.