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Related Experiment Videos

Shape control in the human red cell.

L Backman

    Journal of Cell Science
    |February 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Human red blood cells change shape when ATP is depleted, linked to lipid changes, not protein dephosphorylation. This suggests phosphoinositide metabolism controls red cell shape.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Biochemistry
    • Hematology

    Background:

    • Human red blood cells (erythrocytes) maintain a specific biconcave disc shape.
    • Cellular ATP depletion triggers significant morphological changes in red blood cells.
    • Understanding red cell shape regulation is crucial for hematological health.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between ATP depletion, red cell shape transformation, and molecular changes.
    • To elucidate the role of phosphoinositide metabolism in erythrocyte shape control.
    • To differentiate the impact of metabolic changes on lipids versus proteins in red cells.

    Main Methods:

    • Monitoring red cell morphology changes during metabolic ATP depletion.
    • Analyzing the dephosphorylation of specific lipids (phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, phosphatidic acid) and proteins (spectrin, band 3).

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  • Utilizing exogenous vanadate to modulate metabolic processes and observe effects on shape and molecular components.

    • Main Results:

    • ATP depletion induced discocyte-echinocyte transformation, correlating with lipid dephosphorylation but not cytoskeletal protein dephosphorylation.
    • Dephosphorylation of spectrin and band 3 lagged behind the observed shape changes (metabolic crenation).
    • Vanadate accelerated both shape changes and lipid dephosphorylation, while inhibiting protein dephosphorylation during metabolic depletion.

    Conclusions:

    • Red cell shape is primarily controlled by phosphoinositide metabolism.
    • The findings support a bilayer-couple model for red cell shape regulation.
    • Metabolic control of red cell morphology involves distinct pathways for lipid and protein modifications.