Early diagnosis of disease using microbead array technology: A review

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Diagnostics
• Nanotechnology
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Early disease detection is vital for reducing morbidity and mortality.
• Traditional diagnostic methods have limitations in speed and scope.
• Microbead-based arrays represent an advanced diagnostic technology.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the application of microbead-based arrays for disease diagnosis.
• To highlight the advantages of multiplexed microbead assays.
• To discuss the detection of various analytes for cancer, neurological, and infectious diseases.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing optically-encoded microbead arrays (planar and suspension).
• Employing biomolecular binding interactions with biological samples.
• Tracking ligand-receptor binding via optical signals (flow cytometry or image processing).

Main Results:

• Microbead arrays enable robust, rapid, specific, and cost-effective high-throughput screening.
• Simultaneous detection of multiple disease-related biomarkers is achievable.
• Successful application in diagnosing cancer, neurological, and infectious diseases.

Conclusions:

• Microbead-based arrays are a reliable tool for early disease diagnosis and analyte quantification.
• These assays offer significant advantages over traditional diagnostic methods.
• The technology supports simultaneous screening of diverse targets for comprehensive disease assessment.