Lung Sound Analysis and the Respiratory Cycle Dependence of Impulse Oscillometry in Asthma Patients

Objective A lung sound analysis (LSA) is useful for detecting airway inflammation and obstruction in patients with asthma. To elucidate the mechanism of LSA, we investigated the relationship between the exhalation-to-inhalation sound pressure ratio in the low frequency range between 100 and 195 Hz (E/I LF) and the respiratory cycle dependence of impulse oscillometry (IOS) parameters. Methods Asthma patients underwent IOS [resistance of the respiratory system at 5 Hz (R5) and 20 Hz (R20), the reactance area (AX), resonant frequency of reactance (Fres), and reactance of the respiratory system at 5 Hz (X5) ], spirography, and an LSA. The correlation between the LSA-derived E/I LF values and the respiratory cycle dependence of the IOS parameters was analyzed. Patients Thirty-four patients with mild to moderate bronchial asthma, who had not received oral or inhaled corticosteroids and who had no episodes of rumbling or wheezing were examined. Results The E/I LF value was significantly correlated with the differences of the R5 and R5-R20 values between exhalation and inhalation (p=0.035 and p=0.050) in a multivariate analysis. Conclusion E/I LF appears to be an index that expresses the respiratory cycle dependence of asthma as well as IOS.