[Hypo or hyperglycemia associated with fluoroquinolone use].

Area of Science:

• Pharmacology
• Internal Medicine
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Fluoroquinolone antimicrobials are associated with dysglycemia.
• Hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia are potential side effects.
• The clinical significance of these effects, especially drug interactions, warrants investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a structured review of fluoroquinolone-induced hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia.
• To evaluate the clinical relevance of potential drug interactions with fluoroquinolones.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature search in PubMed/Medline for English and Spanish articles.
• Inclusion of MESH terms: Hypoglycemia, Hyperglycemia, Quinolones, Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin.
• Evaluation of interaction probability, severity, and clinical relevance in at-risk patients.

Main Results:

• 42 publications were identified, with 22 selected for detailed analysis.
• Patients on antidiabetic medications with risk factors (e.g., advanced age, renal failure) are at higher risk for severe hypoglycemia.
• The interaction between fluoroquinolones and antidiabetic agents is considered clinically relevant in these patients.

Conclusions:

• Fluoroquinolone use can lead to significant hypoglycemia, particularly in vulnerable patient populations.
• Clinicians must consider the high risk of severe hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes, advanced age, or renal impairment receiving fluoroquinolones.
• This drug interaction necessitates careful monitoring and management to prevent adverse events.