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Training Dogs for Awake, Unrestrained Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Dog breed affiliation with a forensically validated canine STR set.

Burkhard Berger¹, Cordula Berger¹, Josephin Heinrich¹

¹Institute of Legal Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

Forensic Science International. Genetics

|August 28, 2018

Summary

This study demonstrates that 13 canine short tandem repeat (STR) markers effectively predict dog breed. The discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) method achieved 97.5% accuracy in assigning breeds.

Keywords:

Assignment test Canine STRs Dog breeds Population structure

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Area of Science:

Canine genetics
Forensic science
Animal genetics

Background:

Accurate dog breed assignment is crucial for various applications, including forensics and population studies.
Existing methods for breed identification can be limited in scope or accuracy.
A standardized panel of genetic markers is needed for reliable canine breed determination.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy of a panel of 13 canine short tandem repeat (STR) markers for assigning dog breeds.
To compare the performance of different algorithms for deriving breed membership from STR genotypes.
To assess the potential of these STR markers for routine forensic use in canine identification.

Main Methods:

Genotyping of 392 dogs from 23 popular breeds using 13 highly polymorphic canine STR markers.
Application of algorithms including Discriminant Analysis of Principal Components (DAPC), STRUCTURE, and GeneClass2 for breed assignment.
Analysis of population frequency data and breed records for sample selection.

Main Results:

STRUCTURE analysis identified 21 distinct genetic clusters, with most breeds showing clear differentiation.
14 out of 23 breeds (61%) achieved a maximum mean cluster membership proportion over 0.70.
The DAPC method achieved the highest assignment success rate at 97.5% across all 23 breeds.
A frequency-based assignment test yielded an 87% success rate.

Conclusions:

The tested panel of 13 canine STR markers is highly effective for dog breed assignment.
The DAPC algorithm provides superior accuracy for breed prediction compared to other tested methods.
These STR markers show significant potential for reliable and routine use in canine forensic identification and breed determination.