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Smallanthus sonchifolius leaf attenuates neuroinflammation.

Suji Baek, Nan Hee Choi, Kang-Pa Lee

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    Ethanolic yacon leaf extract (YLE) demonstrates neuroprotective effects by reducing inflammation in microglial cells and protecting hippocampal tissue from damage. These findings suggest YLE could be a potential therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Pharmacology
    • Plant-based medicine

    Background:

    • Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-hypertensive properties.
    • The neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory potential of yacon remains largely unexplored.
    • Microglial activation is implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the neuroprotective effects of an ethanolic yacon leaf extract (YLE).
    • To assess YLE's impact on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation in vitro and in vivo.

    Main Methods:

    • Assessed microglial BV2 cell viability and nitric oxide (NO) production.
    • Quantified mRNA and protein levels of inflammatory mediators using real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry.
    • Performed histological analysis on LPS-treated mice hippocampus.

    Main Results:

    • YLE significantly reduced NO production in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells.
    • YLE decreased mRNA expression of key inflammatory factors (TNF-α, iNOS, COX-2, IL-1β).
    • In vivo, YLE mitigated LPS-induced hippocampal tissue damage and regulated inflammatory factors.

    Conclusions:

    • Ethanolic yacon leaf extract exhibits significant neuroprotective effects.
    • YLE demonstrates potential in combating neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.