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Experimental Studies on State Self-Objectification: A Review and an Integrative Process Model.

Rotem Kahalon1, Nurit Shnabel1, Julia C Becker2

  • 1Tel-Aviv University, The School of Psychological Science, Tel-Aviv, Israel.

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State self-objectification in women often focuses on appearance, neglecting other aspects. This research introduces a model explaining its effects through appearance monitoring, discrepancy, stereotype threat, and sex object schemas.

Keywords:
an integrative process modelappearance monitoringappearance standardsexperimental researchobjectification theoryschema activationself-objectificationstereotype threat

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Sociology
  • Gender Studies

Background:

  • Objectification theory explains how societal objectification impacts women.
  • Research on state self-objectification has grown significantly but deviates from original theory.
  • Existing studies often operationalize self-objectification narrowly, focusing on appearance concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a framework for experimental research on state self-objectification in women.
  • To analyze how current operationalizations align with the theoretical definition of self-objectification.
  • To introduce an integrative process model for understanding the mechanisms behind self-objectification's effects.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental research on state self-objectification.
  • Comparison of different operationalizations of state self-objectification.
  • Development of an integrative process model detailing causal mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Current operationalizations primarily capture appearance concerns, neglecting third-person perspective and dehumanization.
  • Key theoretical outcomes like safety anxiety and reduced flow experiences remain under-examined.
  • An integrative model identifies four mechanisms: appearance monitoring, discrepancy, stereotype threat, and sex object schema activation.

Conclusions:

  • Distinguishing between these mechanisms is crucial for theoretical and practical advancements.
  • Future research should address neglected components and outcomes of self-objectification.
  • The proposed model offers a nuanced understanding of how self-objectification affects women.