Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Dynamic Electrochemical Measurement of Chloride Ions
Published on: February 5, 2016
Reversible Electrochemical Intercalation and Deintercalation of Fluoride Ions into Host Lattices with
Mohammad Ali Nowroozi1, Benjamin de Laune2, Oliver Clemens1,2,3
1Technische Universität Darmstadt Institut für Materialwissenschaft, Fachgebiet Materialdesign durch Synthese Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2 64287 Darmstadt Germany).
Abstract:
Herein, we report the successful electrochemical fluorination and defluorination of schafarzikite-type compounds with the composition Fe0.5 m 0.5Sb2O4 (M=Mg or Co). We show that electrochemical methods can present a more controllable and less environmentally damaging route for fluorinating compounds in contrast to traditional methods that involve heating samples in F2-rich atmospheres. The reactivity of the host lattices with fluoride during electrochemical fluorination makes this material an interesting candidate for fluoride-ion battery applications. However, deleterious side reactions with the conductive carbon matrix during fluorination suggests to the contrary. Regardless of the side reactions, the schafarzikite structure was found to be an alternative reversible host lattice for fluoride incorporation and removal in addition to the previously reported Ruddlesden-Popper-type compounds.
Related Concept Videos
Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
Ionic Crystal Structures
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
What is an Electrochemical Gradient?
The chemical gradient relies on differences in the abundance of a substance on the outside versus the inside of a cell and flows from areas of high to low ion concentration. In contrast, the electrical gradient revolves around an...
Lewis Structures of Molecular Compounds and Polyatomic Ions
Structural Isomerism
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can...

