[Progress in the diagnosis of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae]

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is rising rapidly all over the world, and challenges clinical diagnosis and treatment by various genotypes. This paper summarizes the characteristics and diagnostic methods of CRE. CRE can be divided into three categories and five families with various characteristics and resistant genes. The diagnosis method include the Kirby-Bauer screening test, double disc synergetic inhibition test with carbapenems collaboration (double disc EDTA and meropenem, phenylboronic acid and meropenem), modified Hodge test, chromogenic medium detection for selected test of CRE, and Carba NP colorimetric test, PCR and sequencing for CRE confirmation test. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and can be applied according to the local main popular CRE genetypes and experimental conditions.