Healthcare Costs Reduced When Patients Have a Place to Live

Area of Science:

• Health Services Research
• Public Health
• Social Determinants of Health

Background:

• Frequent emergency department (ED) utilization is a significant driver of healthcare costs.
• Homeless individuals with complex medical and behavioral health issues often face barriers to consistent care.
• The intersection of homelessness, chronic disease, and substance abuse presents a substantial challenge to the healthcare system.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the impact of a permanent supportive housing program on healthcare costs for frequent ED users.
• To assess the effectiveness of the Housing First model in managing complex health needs of the homeless population.
• To explore healthcare cost reduction strategies through integrated housing and support services.

Main Methods:

• Identification of frequent ED utilizers experiencing homelessness, chronic disease, and substance abuse by hospital staff.
• Implementation of the Housing First model, providing subsidized housing followed by comprehensive support services.
• Partnership with the Chicago Center for Housing and Health for case management and life skills training.

Main Results:

• Reduced healthcare expenditures through permanent housing interventions for a vulnerable population.
• Improved patient navigation of the healthcare system and acquisition of essential life skills.
• Demonstrated cost-effectiveness of addressing social determinants of health within a hospital setting.

Conclusions:

• Permanent supportive housing is a viable strategy for reducing healthcare costs associated with frequent ED utilization among the homeless.
• The Housing First model, when adapted and integrated with healthcare services, can effectively address the multifaceted needs of individuals experiencing homelessness.
• Interdisciplinary partnerships are crucial for successful implementation and sustained impact of housing interventions in healthcare.