Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Operational Amplifiers01:17

Operational Amplifiers

2.0K
The operational amplifier, often referred to as an op-amp, is a multifaceted building block of a circuit. This electronic component functions like a voltage-controlled voltage source and can also be used to create a voltage- or current-controlled current source. The design of an operational amplifier enables it to execute mathematical operations when external components like resistors and capacitors are linked to its terminals. An op-amp has the capacity to sum signals, amplify a signal,...
2.0K
MOSFET Amplifiers01:17

MOSFET Amplifiers

521
The MOSFET, when operating in its active region, functions as a voltage-controlled current source. In this region, the gate-to-source voltage controls the drain current. This principle underlies the operation of the transconductance MOSFET amplifier. The output current is directed through a load resistor to convert this amplifier into a voltage amplifier. The output voltage is then obtained by subtracting the voltage drop across the load resistance from the supply voltage. This process results...
521
BJT Amplifiers01:14

BJT Amplifiers

995
Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs) are pivotal components in amplifier circuits, functioning as voltage-controlled current sources in their active region. This characteristic allows them to efficiently control the collector current through variations in the base-emitter voltage. Essentially, BJTs amplify power due to their ability to take a weak input signal and output a much stronger signal.
In BJT amplifier configurations, particularly in common-emitter setups, the transistor's role...
995
Instrumentation Amplifier01:25

Instrumentation Amplifier

1.1K
An electrocardiography (ECG) machine is an essential piece of medical equipment used to monitor the electrical activity of the heart. It operates by detecting small electrical changes on the skin that result from the depolarization of the heart muscle during each heartbeat. However, these signals are in the microvolt range and can be easily overwhelmed by noise or interference.
To overcome this challenge, an ECG machine utilizes an instrumentation amplifier. This specialized amplifier is...
1.1K
Synthetic Biology02:55

Synthetic Biology

5.6K
Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary science that involves using principles from disciplines such as engineering, molecular biology, cell biology, and systems biology. It involves remodeling existing organisms from nature or constructing completely new synthetic organisms for applications such as protein or enzyme production, bioremediation, value-added macromolecule production, and the addition of desirable traits to crops, to name a few.
Golden rice
Golden rice is a genetically modified...
5.6K
Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers01:15

Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers

8.8K
Many receptor binding ligands are hydrophilic; they do not cross the cell membrane but bind to cell-surface receptors. Thus, their message must be relayed by second messengers present in the cell cytoplasm. There are several second messenger pathways, each with its own way of relaying information. For example, the G protein-coupled receptors can activate both phosphoinositol and cyclic AMP (cAMP) second messenger pathways. The phosphoinositol pathway is active when the receptor induces...
8.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Phenotyping seasonal photosynthetic energy-partitioning states in temperate evergreen conifers using hyperspectral imaging.

Plant phenomics (Washington, D.C.)·2026
Same author

Atmospheric processing reshapes the VOC health-risk profile downwind of a petrochemical complex: a source-to-receptor assessment.

Environment international·2026
Same author

Reliable delineation of <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> and related members of the family Peptostreptococcaceae using phylogenomics and spore coat protein-specific molecular markers.

Microbiology spectrum·2026
Same author

Episodic and source-resolved VOC emissions in a petrochemical complex: Insights from real-time measurements.

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)·2026
Same author

Two-dimensional Pd-C bonded organometallic framework with dynamic packing transformations.

Chemical science·2026
Same author

Machine Learning Assessment of the Environmental Factors Contributing to Shade Adaptation in <i>Brassica juncea</i>.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Engineering a Cytochrome P450 <i>O</i>-Demethylase for the Bioconversion of Hardwood Lignin.

ACS synthetic biology·2026
Same journal

Genetic Biosensor for Optimizing Double-Stranded RNA Production by Bacteria.

ACS synthetic biology·2026
Same journal

Heterologous Expression of an Abandoned Termite Mound Fungus Gene Cluster Reveals a Protective Aldehyde-Alcohol Cycle and a Candidate Termiticidal Metabolite.

ACS synthetic biology·2026
Same journal

A Framework for the In Vivo Production of Extensively Engineered Thiopeptides.

ACS synthetic biology·2026
Same journal

A Highly Stringent Split Intein-Mediated DHFR Selectable Marker Enables Efficient Development of High-Producing CHO Cells for Therapeutic Proteins.

ACS synthetic biology·2026
Same journal

Breaking the Stability-Activity-Selectivity Trilemma in Unspecific Peroxygenase through Computation-Based Cross-Regional Combinatorial Mutagenesis.

ACS synthetic biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Automated Microbial Cultivation and Adaptive Evolution using Microbial Microdroplet Culture System MMC
08:18

Automated Microbial Cultivation and Adaptive Evolution using Microbial Microdroplet Culture System MMC

Published on: February 18, 2022

4.6K

A Synthetic Microbial Operational Amplifier.

Ji Zeng, Jonathan Teo1, Areen Banerjee

  • 1Computational and Systems Biology , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States.

ACS Synthetic Biology
|August 29, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists created a biological operational amplifier ("Bio-OpAmp") using synthetic biology. This novel circuit enhances the precision and predictability of cellular functions, addressing a key challenge in synthetic biology.

Keywords:
Bio-OpAmpdominant pole compensationgainnegative feedbacksmall signal modelthree-gain-stage amplification

More Related Videos

Microfluidic Picoliter Bioreactor for Microbial Single-cell Analysis: Fabrication, System Setup, and Operation
12:04

Microfluidic Picoliter Bioreactor for Microbial Single-cell Analysis: Fabrication, System Setup, and Operation

Published on: December 6, 2013

13.0K
20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier
10:17

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

Published on: July 12, 2017

12.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Automated Microbial Cultivation and Adaptive Evolution using Microbial Microdroplet Culture System MMC
08:18

Automated Microbial Cultivation and Adaptive Evolution using Microbial Microdroplet Culture System MMC

Published on: February 18, 2022

4.6K
Microfluidic Picoliter Bioreactor for Microbial Single-cell Analysis: Fabrication, System Setup, and Operation
12:04

Microfluidic Picoliter Bioreactor for Microbial Single-cell Analysis: Fabrication, System Setup, and Operation

Published on: December 6, 2013

13.0K
20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier
10:17

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

Published on: July 12, 2017

12.0K

Area of Science:

  • Synthetic biology
  • Molecular engineering
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Synthetic biology has developed various electronic-like circuits in living cells, including oscillators and logic gates.
  • A key electronic component, the operational amplifier, enabling robust and precise circuit function, has been missing in biomolecular engineering.
  • Cellular circuits face inherent noise and variability, limiting predictability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a synthetic biological operational amplifier (
  • Bio-OpAmp
  • ) for robust and precise control of cellular functions.
  • To expand the repertoire of analog circuit components available in synthetic biology.
  • To provide a foundational circuit motif for achieving molecular homeostasis in engineered cells.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a three-stage operational amplifier using synthetic biology principles.
  • Incorporation of a CRISPR-based differential-input push-pull stage for fast signal processing.
  • Integration of a transcription-and-translation amplification stage and a fast enzymatic output stage.
  • Utilized only 5 proteins, including dCas9, for circuit construction.

Main Results:

  • Successful creation of a functional synthetic biological operational amplifier (
  • Bio-OpAmp
  • ).
  • Demonstrated a modular design comprising distinct fast and slow amplification stages.
  • Achieved robust and precise control, mitigating cellular noise and variability.

Conclusions:

  • The
  • Bio-OpAmp
  • represents a significant advancement in synthetic biology analog circuit design.
  • This biomolecular operational amplifier enhances the predictability and robustness of engineered cellular systems.
  • The developed circuit motif offers a pathway towards achieving stable molecular homeostasis in synthetic biological applications.