Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Demonstration of Equal-Intensity Beam Generation by Dielectric Metasurfaces
Published on: June 7, 2019
Modelling of free-form conformal metasurfaces
Kedi Wu1,2, Philippe Coquet1, Qi Jie Wang3,4
1CINTRA, UMI 3288, CNRS/NTU/Thales, Research Techno Plaza, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637553, Singapore.
Abstract:
Artificial electromagnetic surfaces, metasurfaces, control light in the desired manner through the introduction of abrupt changes of electromagnetic fields at interfaces. Current modelling of metasurfaces successfully exploits generalised sheet transition conditions (GSTCs), a set of boundary conditions that account for electric and magnetic metasurface-induced optical responses. GSTCs are powerful theoretical tools but they are not readily applicable for arbitrarily shaped metasurfaces. Accurate and computationally efficient algorithms capable of implementing artificial boundary conditions are highly desired for designing free-form photonic devices. To address this challenge, we propose a numerical method based on conformal boundary optics with a modified finite difference time-domain (FDTD) approach which accurately calculates the electromagnetic fields across conformal metasurfaces. Illustrative examples of curved meta-optics are presented, showing results in good agreement with theoretical predictions. This method can become a powerful tool for designing and predicting optical functionalities of conformal metasurfaces for new lightweight, flexible and wearable photonic devices.
Related Concept Videos
Conformity
Conformations of Butane
Conformations of Cycloalkanes
Conformations of Cyclohexane
The chair form is the most stable and derives its name from its resemblance to the “easy chair.” In the chair conformation, two carbon atoms are arranged out-of-plane — one above and one below, minimizing the torsional strain. In the chair form, the bond angle is very close to the ideal...
Conformations of Ethane and Propane
Staggered conformation is a low energy and more stable conformation with the C-H bonds on the front carbon placed at 60°dihedral angles relative to the C-H bonds on the back carbon, leading to a reduced torsional strain. In staggered...
Chair Conformation of Cyclohexane
The hydrogen atoms linked to carbons are arranged in two different axial and equatorial orientations to achieve this...

