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Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Invasive Hemodynamic Characterization of the Portal-hypertensive Syndrome in Cirrhotic Rats
Published on: August 1, 2018
Portal Hypertensive Polyposis in Advanced Liver Cirrhosis: The Unknown Entity?
David Kara1, Anna Hüsing-Kabar1, Hartmut Schmidt1
1Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
Background:
Portal hypertension is a serious complication of liver cirrhosis.
Objective:
To identify relevant endoscopic findings in patients with advanced cirrhosis and consecutive portal hypertension.
Methods:
This was a retrospective study of liver transplant candidates who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy between April 2011 and November 2015.
Results:
A total of 1,045 upper endoscopies were analyzed. Portal hypertensive gastric and duodenal polyps were frequently observed and were associated with thrombocytopenia (p = 0.040; OR: 2.4, 95% CI 1.04-5.50), Child-Pugh score > 6 (p = 0.033; OR: 2.3, 95% CI 1.07-4.92), Model for End Stage Liver Disease score > 16 (p = 0.030; OR: 4.1, 95% CI 1.14-15.00), and previous rubber band ligation (p < 0.001; OR = 5.2, 95% CI 2.5-10.7). These polyps often recurred after polypectomy; however, no malignant transformation occurred during the observational time until October 2017. The most common endoscopic finding was esophageal varices, observed in more than 90% of patients.
Conclusion:
Portal hypertensive polyposis is common in patients with advanced cirrhosis. Our data suggest that these polyps have benign characteristics.
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