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Immunomodulatory activity of exopolysaccharide from the rhizobacterium Paenibacillus polymyxa CCM 1465

Irina V Yegorenkova1, Alla A Fomina2, Kristina V Tregubova3

  • 1Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov, 410049, Russian Federation. egorenkova_i@ibppm.ru.

Archives of Microbiology
|August 30, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Exopolysaccharide from Paenibacillus polymyxa CCM 1465 enhances nonspecific immunity by boosting immune cell activity. This bacterial polysaccharide shows potential as an immunomodulatory substance for promoting health.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Bacterial polysaccharides are recognized for their potential to stimulate protective immune responses in hosts.
  • The exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by Paenibacillus polymyxa CCM 1465 is a candidate for inducing nonspecific resistance.
  • Understanding the immunomodulatory effects of bacterial EPS is crucial for developing novel therapeutic agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the immunomodulatory potential of exopolysaccharide from Paenibacillus polymyxa CCM 1465.
  • To evaluate the effect of EPS produced using different carbon sources on various immune cell functions.
  • To determine the capacity of EPS to induce nonspecific resistance factors in a macroorganism.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro analysis of murine macrophage phagocytic activity.
  • Assessment of reactive oxygen species and enzyme generation (acid phosphatase, myeloperoxidase) in leukocytes.
  • Measurement of murine splenocyte proliferation.
  • Quantification of proinflammatory cytokine synthesis (IL-1β, TNF-α) by human mononuclear cells.

Main Results:

  • The exopolysaccharide significantly promoted phagocytosis of bacterial cells by macrophages.
  • Metabolic activity in human and animal leukocytes was enhanced by the exopolysaccharide.
  • Moderate effects were observed on the production of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β).
  • Differences in immune cell responses were noted between exopolysaccharides produced on glucose versus sucrose media, suggesting variations in composition and structure.

Conclusions:

  • Exopolysaccharide from Paenibacillus polymyxa CCM 1465 effectively promotes nonspecific immunity.
  • The EPS demonstrates potential as a biologically active immunomodulatory substance.
  • Variations in carbon sources during production can influence the immunomodulatory properties of the EPS.
Keywords:
Exopolysaccharide propertiesImmunomodulatory activityPaenibacillus polymyxaProinflammatory cytokines

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