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Paul M Kaye1

  • 1Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology and Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK. paul.kaye@york.ac.uk.

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Stromal cells are crucial for host defense against infections. This review explores their roles in fighting pathogens and highlights the potential for new stromal cell-targeted therapies.

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Inflammation resolutionInnate immunityStromal APCsStromal architectureStromal infectionTLOs

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Stromal cells play a key role in host defense mechanisms.
  • Their function as infection targets and regulators of anti-infective immunity is understudied.
  • Current research is limited to a few well-established examples.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of stromal cells throughout the infection process.
  • To discuss stromal cell involvement with diverse infectious agents.
  • To identify knowledge gaps and challenges in stromal cell infection research.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of stromal cell functions in infection.
  • Synthesis of data across various infectious agents (prions to helminths).
  • Identification of research challenges and therapeutic potentials.

Main Results:

  • Stromal cells are involved at all stages of host defense against infection.
  • Examples span a wide range of pathogens, including prions and parasitic helminths.
  • Significant gaps in understanding stromal cell biology during infection exist.

Conclusions:

  • Stromal cells are critical, yet underappreciated, players in infectious disease.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate their complex roles.
  • Targeting stromal cells offers a promising avenue for novel anti-infective therapeutics.