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Criminalization of scientific misconduct.

William Bülow¹, Gert Helgesson²

¹Department of Philosophy, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.

Medicine, Health Care, and Philosophy

|August 30, 2018

Summary

Criminalizing scientific misconduct, like fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism (FFP), is debated. This paper argues against solely criminalizing FFP, suggesting broader issues and alternative solutions for research integrity.

Keywords:

Criminalization Fabrication Falsification Plagiarism Scientific misconduct

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Area of Science:

Bioethics
Scientific Integrity
Research Policy

Background:

The bioethics literature extensively discusses the criminalization of scientific misconduct.
A common argument favors criminalizing only the most serious forms: fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism (FFP).

Purpose of the Study:

To critically evaluate the proposal of criminalizing scientific misconduct, particularly focusing on FFP.
To explore the limitations and potential negative consequences of drawing a strict line at FFP for criminalization.
To consider alternative and complementary strategies for fostering a healthier research environment.

Main Methods:

Literature review and critical analysis of bioethical arguments regarding scientific misconduct.
Examination of the definitional challenges and practical implications of criminalizing specific misconduct categories.
Discussion of the broader impact of criminalization on perceptions of research integrity and institutional responsibilities.

Main Results:

Defining scientific misconduct solely by FFP is problematic due to inclusion/exclusion issues.
Criminalization may create a false dichotomy, implying unregulated practices are acceptable.
Doubts exist regarding criminalization's effectiveness in reducing university burdens or enhancing research integrity.

Conclusions:

Criminalizing scientific misconduct, especially FFP, presents significant challenges and potential drawbacks.
Alternative and complementary measures are crucial for cultivating a robust research environment, irrespective of legal status.
A holistic approach beyond criminalization is necessary to truly foster research integrity.