Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 6, 2026
08:25
Advanced 3D Liver Models for In vitro Genotoxicity Testing Following Long-Term Nanomaterial Exposure
Published on: June 5, 2020
7.3K
In vivo and in vitro bisphenol A exposure effects on adiposity
M Desai1, M G Ferrini2, J K Jellyman1
11Perinatal Research Laboratory,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,Torrance,CA,USA.
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease
|August 30, 2018
Summary
Maternal exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) increases offspring obesity by promoting fat cell proliferation and lipid storage. This study reveals BPA’s detrimental effects on early-life stem cells, impacting long-term metabolic health.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Developmental Biology
- Toxicology
Background:
- In utero exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), a common plasticizer, is linked to offspring obesity.
- Adipogenesis, the process of fat cell formation, is a key factor in obesity development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of in vivo maternal and in vitro BPA exposure on newborn adipose tissue stem cells.
- To explore the mechanisms by which BPA influences adipocyte proliferation, differentiation, and lipid storage.
Main Methods:
- In vivo studies involved maternal rats exposed to BPA during pregnancy and lactation, with offspring assessed for adiposity.
- In vitro studies utilized primary pre-adipocyte cell cultures exposed to BPA to examine proliferation and differentiation.
- Analysis included adiposity signals, adipocyte size, protein expression, and epigenetic modifications.
Main Results:
- Maternal BPA exposure led to increased offspring adiposity, larger adipocytes (hypertrophy), and elevated expression of pro-adipogenic factors.
- In vitro BPA exposure dose-dependently increased pre-adipocyte proliferation and adipocyte lipid content.
- BPA exposure promoted adipocyte proliferation and differentiation, enhancing lipid storage capacity.
Conclusions:
- Both in vivo and in vitro BPA exposure significantly promote adipogenesis, contributing to obesity.
- Early-life stem cell populations are highly susceptible to BPA, with potential long-term consequences for metabolic homeostasis.
- These findings underscore the critical impact of BPA on metabolic health, particularly during developmental stages.
Related Concept Videos
01:17Equivalence: In Vitro and In Vivo Bioequivalence
234
Body:Bioequivalence studies are crucial in evaluating whether new drugs can match an approved one regarding pharmacological effects and clinical performance. These studies test if drugs, despite different dosage forms, share identical plasma concentration-time profiles. Three types of equivalence are central to these studies: chemical, pharmaceutical, and therapeutic. Chemical equivalence indicates that two or more drug products contain identical active ingredients in equal amounts.
234
02:59Biological Effects of Radiation
18.0K
All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
18.0K
01:20Drug Product Performance: In Vitro–In Vivo Correlation
279
In pharmaceutical development, it's crucial to establish a predictive in vitro–in vivo correlation (IVIVC) for two or more formulations to gain a comprehensive understanding of release properties. IVIVC reduces the need for costly in vivo studies and facilitates the establishment of meaningful dissolution specifications with significant cost savings and decreased regulatory burden. Furthermore, a meaningful IVIVC should predict Cmax and AUC within 20%, aligning with FDA guidance while...
279
02:19Buffer Effectiveness
55.4K
Buffer solutions do not have an unlimited capacity to keep the pH relatively constant . Instead, the ability of a buffer solution to resist changes in pH relies on the presence of appreciable amounts of its conjugate weak acid-base pair. When enough strong acid or base is added to substantially lower the concentration of either member of the buffer pair, the buffering action within the solution is compromised.
The buffer capacity is the amount of acid or base that can be added to a given volume...
The buffer capacity is the amount of acid or base that can be added to a given volume...
55.4K
03:26Framing Effects
8.0K
Information is everywhere and its presentation—such as how and when items are presented—can impact our perceptions and decisions surrounding the info. This broad concept umbrellas framing effects—influences that occur due to the way information is framed in its appearance, whether it’s purely the order or the specific wording of a message. Let’s take a look at numerous ways in which two versions of something can objectively say the same thing, yet we respond in...
8.0K
01:24Effects of feedback
1.0K
Feedback in control systems plays a critical role in shaping various operational parameters, extending beyond simple error reduction to influence stability, bandwidth, gain, impedance, and sensitivity. Understanding these effects requires examining a basic feedback system characterized by defined input, output, error, and feedback signals.
Feedback significantly modifies the gain of a control system. The gain of a system without feedback is altered by a factor of one plus GH, where G represents...
Feedback significantly modifies the gain of a control system. The gain of a system without feedback is altered by a factor of one plus GH, where G represents...
1.0K