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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Knowledge Assessment among Saudi Women
Ahmad S Alharthi1, Khalid A Althobaiti1, Khaled A Alswat2
1Taif University, School of Medicine, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Background:
IDF estimates that 16.2% of women giving live births in 2015 had some form of hyperglycemia during pregnancy. In Saudi, a study estimated that the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is 39.4%.
Aim:
We aimed to assess Saudi women's GDM knowledge and awareness.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted between August and December 2016 in Saudi Arabia using a validated questionnaire that included 12 questions focused on awareness and knowledge about GDM. Their responses were scored, and participants were divided poor knowledge (≤ 4/12) fair/good knowledge (≥ 5/12).
Results:
A total of 9002 adult female participated. Mean age was 27.8 ± 7.9, and they were mainly married urban residents with bachelor's degrees or higher. The mean overall score was 5.5 ± 2.5 with most of them in the fair GDM knowledge category. Participants were mostly aware of the GDM risk factors (54%) while they were least aware of the GDM diagnosis (15.9%). Multigravida and a prior history of GDM were the two risk factors about which participants were most aware (67.7%). Compared to those with poor knowledge, those with fair/good knowledge were more likely to live in urban areas, live in the central region of Saudi Arabia, work in medical fields, and be married, educated, and have personal and/or family histories of chronic diseases (all P values < 0.001).
Conclusion:
Our study showed a high prevalence of poor awareness and knowledge, mainly in those areas relating to GDM diagnosis.
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