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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Skin Cancer01:30

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Non-coding RNAs in skin cancers: An update.

Shivani B Kaushik1, Nitin Kaushik2

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.

Non-Coding RNA Research
|August 31, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their role in skin cancer development. Research highlights their diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic potential in cutaneous malignancies.

Keywords:
Cell proliferationInvasionMetastasisNon-coding RNA'sSkin cancermiRNA

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Skin cancers, including melanoma and non-melanoma types like Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) and Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC), are highly prevalent human malignancies.
  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are RNA molecules transcribed from DNA but lacking protein-coding potential.
  • ncRNAs play crucial roles in gene regulation at transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the emerging role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the pathogenesis of skin cancers.
  • To review the classification, functions, and significance of ncRNAs in the context of cutaneous malignancies.
  • To discuss the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic potential of ncRNAs in skin cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of current research on non-coding RNAs in skin cancer.
  • Analysis of ncRNA classification based on length (small ncRNA and long ncRNA).
  • Examination of ncRNA involvement in cellular processes such as proliferation, angiogenesis, senescence, and apoptosis.

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs are implicated in modulating key cellular processes relevant to cancer development and progression.
  • Aberrant ncRNA expression patterns are associated with skin cancer metastasis, drug resistance, and patient prognosis.
  • ncRNAs demonstrate potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for skin cancers.

Conclusions:

  • Non-coding RNAs represent a significant area of interest in understanding skin cancer pathogenesis.
  • ncRNAs hold promise for improved diagnostics and prognostics, as well as novel therapeutic strategies for cutaneous malignancies.
  • Further research is essential to fully harness the therapeutic potential of ncRNAs in treating skin cancers.