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Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Robotic Left Hepatectomy using Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Imaging for an Intrahepatic Complex Biliary Cyst
Published on: June 24, 2022
Green indocyanine fluorescence in robotic abdominal surgery
Giuseppe Spinoglio1, Emilio Bertani1, Simona Borin1
1Department of Hepatobiliary and Digestive Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, Milan, Italy.
Abstract:
Fluorescent imaging with indocyanine green (ICG) is an emerging technology that is gaining acceptance for being a valid tool in surgeons' decision making. ICG binds to plasma lipoproteins if injected intravenously and, when excited by near-infrared light, provides anatomic information about organs vascularization and tissues perfusion. If injected in tissues, it migrates in the lymphatic system, therefore enabling the identification of lymphatic draining pathways of different organs. In this paper we address specific applications of ICG fluorescence in robotic general surgery.
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