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Assessing the Big Five with bifactor computerized adaptive testing.

María Dolores Nieto1, Francisco J Abad1, Julio Olea1

  • 1Department of Social Psychology and Methodology, Autonomous University of Madrid.

Psychological Assessment
|August 31, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multidimensional computerized adaptive testing (MCAT-B) is more efficient for assessing complex personality traits than unidimensional (UCAT) or short scales. MCAT-B and MCAT ensure balanced item selection across personality domains.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychometrics
  • Personality Psychology
  • Educational Measurement

Background:

  • Assessing multifaceted personality constructs requires efficient measurement tools.
  • The Big Five model provides a robust framework for understanding personality domains and facets.
  • Computerized adaptive testing (CAT) offers potential advantages in assessment efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficiency and content balance of multidimensional computerized adaptive testing based on the bifactor model (MCAT-B) against other CAT approaches and a short scale.
  • To evaluate the measurement of the Big Five personality model using different adaptive testing strategies.
  • To examine the dimensionality of the Big Five domains.

Main Methods:

  • A sample of 826 respondents completed a 360-item personality pool.
  • Multidimensional computerized adaptive testing based on the bifactor model (MCAT-B) was implemented.
  • Comparisons were made with unidimensional computerized adaptive testing (UCAT), multidimensional computerized adaptive testing (MCAT), and a short fixed-length scale.

Main Results:

  • MCAT and MCAT-B demonstrated greater efficiency in assessing highly multidimensional personality traits (e.g., Agreeableness) with fewer items.
  • No significant efficiency differences were observed for unidimensional traits (e.g., Extraversion) among the tested methods.
  • MCAT and MCAT-B ensured better content balance by selecting items from all facets within each Big Five domain proportionally.

Conclusions:

  • MCAT-B and MCAT are superior for efficiently measuring complex, multidimensional personality constructs.
  • These methods enhance content representativeness within personality assessments.
  • The choice of CAT model impacts assessment efficiency based on construct dimensionality.