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    This study presents a novel all-fiber Brillouin laser capable of switching between different transverse modes. This innovation enables tunable laser output for diverse applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optics
    • Fiber Lasers
    • Nonlinear Optics

    Background:

    • Traditional fiber lasers often lack mode tunability.
    • Controlling the output mode is crucial for advanced optical applications.
    • Brillouin scattering offers a nonlinear mechanism for light generation and amplification.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a novel all-fiber Brillouin laser architecture.
    • To achieve switchable output of different transverse modes (LP01, LP11).
    • To explore the generation of orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams from the system.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized an optical switch and cascaded mode selection couplers (MSCs).
    • Employed a few-mode fiber ring cavity for Brillouin scattering.
    • Integrated Brillouin nonlinear effects for mode-specific amplification.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully implemented an all-fiber Brillouin laser with switchable LP01 and LP11 modes at 1550 nm.
    • Achieved slope efficiencies of 25.1% (LP01) and 20.9% (LP11).
    • Demonstrated switchable OAM beams (l=+1, -1, 0) from the system.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed architecture provides a compact and reliable method for transverse mode switching in fiber lasers.
    • The demonstrated laser is promising for practical applications requiring tunable mode output.
    • The system's ability to generate OAM beams opens possibilities for advanced optical communication and manipulation.