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Related Concept Videos

Resonance02:52

Resonance

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The Lewis structure of a nitrite anion (NO2−) may actually be drawn in two different ways, distinguished by the locations of the N-O and N=O bonds.
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During leveling, the Earth's curvature and atmospheric refraction introduce deviations in the line of sight from a true horizontal reference. When the line of sight is leveled, it remains perpendicular to the plumb line only at a single point. Beyond this, it deviates due to the Earth’s curvature, represented by the correction C. For a sight distance D, the deviation can be derived using the relationship:This relationship shows that the deviation increases quadratically with distance. Over a...
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Series Resonance01:17

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The RLC circuit impedance is defined as the ratio of the supply voltage to the circuit current. Resonance in such a circuit occurs when the imaginary part of this impedance equals zero. This specific condition means that the inductive reactance is exactly equal to the capacitive reactance. The frequency at which this happens is known as the resonant frequency. Mathematically, the resonant frequency is inversely proportional to the square root of the product of the inductance (L) and capacitance...
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Parallel Resonance01:23

Parallel Resonance

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The parallel RLC circuit is an arrangement where the resistor (R), inductor (L), and capacitor (C) are all connected to the same nodes and, as a result, share the same voltage across them. The parallel RLC circuit is analyzed in terms of admittance (Y), which reflects the ease with which current can flow. The admittance is given by:
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Sound Waves: Resonance01:14

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Resonance is produced depending on the boundary conditions imposed on a wave. Resonance can be produced in a string under tension with symmetrical boundary conditions (i.e., has a node at each end). A node is defined as a fixed point where the string does not move. The symmetrical boundary conditions result in some frequencies resonating and producing standing waves, while other frequencies interfere destructively. Sound waves can resonate in a hollow tube, and the frequencies of the sound...
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According to the theory of resonance, if two or more Lewis structures with the same arrangement of atoms can be written for a molecule, ion, or radical, the actual distribution of electrons is an average of that shown by the various Lewis structures.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Terahertz Microfluidic Sensing Using a Parallel-plate Waveguide Sensor
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Ultrasensitive optofluidic resonator refractive index sensor.

Zhiyuan Xiao, Hailang Dai, Xianfeng Chen

    Optics Letters
    |August 31, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study presents a highly sensitive optofluidic resonator refractive index sensor. The device achieves a detection limit of 1.0×10-6 refractive index units for various fluids.

    Area of Science:

    • Optofluidics
    • Plasmonics
    • Sensor Technology

    Background:

    • Refractive index sensing is crucial for chemical and biological analysis.
    • Existing methods face limitations in sensitivity and detection limits.
    • Optofluidic devices offer miniaturization and integrated functionalities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a novel optofluidic resonator sensor for high-sensitivity refractive index measurements.
    • To leverage surface plasmon polaritons for enhanced sensing capabilities.
    • To demonstrate the sensor's applicability in detecting fluid properties.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of an integrated optofluidic resonator using a free-space coupling architecture.
    • Utilizing a symmetrical metal-cladding hollow-core waveguide and prism for surface plasmon generation.

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  • Coupling core modes to ultrahigh-order modes for amplified refractive index sensitivity.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved a very high sensitivity, enabling detection of low-order refractive index changes.
    • Demonstrated the sensor's performance by infiltrating various fluids into the optofluidic resonator.
    • Established a detection limit of 1.0×10-6 refractive index units.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed optofluidic resonator sensor exhibits exceptional sensitivity and a low detection limit.
    • The presented approach is suitable for precise refractive index measurements of fluids.
    • This technology holds potential for applications in molecular structure and biochemical detection.