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Relationship between poliovirus neutralization and aggregation.

A A Thomas, R Vrijsen, A Boeyé

    Journal of Virology
    |August 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Neutralizing antibodies neutralize poliovirus by causing virus aggregation. Residual infectivity is due to single virions, and papain can reverse neutralization by deaggregating the virus.

    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Antibodies are crucial for viral neutralization.
    • Poliovirus neutralization mechanisms require further elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the mechanisms of poliovirus neutralization by monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies.
    • To characterize the role of virus aggregation in antibody-mediated poliovirus neutralization.

    Main Methods:

    • Studied the interaction of various antibodies with poliovirus.
    • Utilized papain treatment to assess virus deaggregation.
    • Selected and analyzed poliovirus mutants resistant to specific monoclonal antibodies.

    Main Results:

    • Neutralization resulted from antibody-induced poliovirus aggregation; residual infectivity was linked to unaggregated virions.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Papain treatment deaggregated neutralized virus, restoring infectivity.
  • In antibody excess, some antibodies formed noninfective, unaggregated complexes, with decreased virus aggregation.
  • A poliovirus mutant resistant to a monoclonal antibody showed binding but lacked aggregation and neutralization.

    • Conclusions:

    • Poliovirus neutralization is primarily mediated by antibody-induced virus aggregation.
    • Virus aggregation is a key factor in the efficacy of neutralizing antibodies against poliovirus.
    • Poliovirus mutants can evade neutralization by resisting antibody-induced aggregation.