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Ultrahigh-speed distributed Brillouin reflectometry.

Yosuke Mizuno1, Neisei Hayashi2, Hideyuki Fukuda3

  • 1Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan.

Light, Science & Applications
|September 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel one-end-access optical fiber sensor for real-time structural health monitoring. The new method enables distributed strain measurements, overcoming limitations of previous two-end-access systems.

Keywords:
Brillouin scatteringdistributed strain and temperature sensinghigh-speed measurementnonlinear opticsoptical fibre sensors

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Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics
  • Materials Science
  • Structural Engineering

Background:

  • Optical fibre sensors utilizing Brillouin scattering are crucial for distributed strain and temperature measurements in structural health monitoring.
  • Existing real-time distributed strain measurement systems require two-end-access, limiting sensor placement and system feasibility in cases of fiber breakage or high loss.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a real-time distributed strain measurement technique for optical fibre sensors using an intrinsically one-end-access reflectometry configuration.
  • To overcome the limitations of two-end-access systems in structural health monitoring applications.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a correlation-domain technique for high-speed Brillouin gain spectrum acquisition using a voltage-controlled oscillator.
  • Converted Brillouin frequency shift to phase delay of a synchronous sinusoidal waveform, then to a directly measurable voltage.
  • Utilized a reflectometry configuration enabling one-end access for the optical fibre sensor.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a strain sampling rate of up to 100 kHz for single-point measurements, demonstrated by detecting 1 kHz dynamic strain.
  • Verified a 100 Hz repetition rate for distributed measurements across 100 points with averaging, by tracking a mechanical wave.
  • Identified drawbacks including reduced accuracy, spatial resolution, and limited strain dynamic range in the ultrahigh-speed configuration.

Conclusions:

  • Demonstrated the feasibility of real-time distributed strain measurement with a one-end-access optical fibre sensor system.
  • The developed correlation-domain technique offers a more flexible and robust solution for structural health monitoring compared to traditional two-end-access systems.
  • Further research is needed to address the trade-offs in measurement accuracy, spatial resolution, and dynamic range for practical applications.