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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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The mode is one of the commonly used measures of a central tendency. It is defined as the most frequent value in a data set.
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V-type pumps are ATP-driven pumps found in the vacuolar membranes of plants, yeast, endosomal and lysosomal membranes of animal cells, plasma membranes of a few specialized eukaryotic cells, and some prokaryotes. They are also known as the V1Vo-ATPase, that couple ATP hydrolysis to transport protons against a concentration gradient.
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Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators
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Single whispering-gallery mode lasing in polymer bottle microresonators via spatial pump engineering.

Fuxing Gu1, Fuming Xie1, Xing Lin2

  • 1Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Systems, Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System (Ministry of Education), University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.

Light, Science & Applications
|September 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Achieving single-mode lasing in whispering-gallery mode (WGM) microresonators is now simpler. By engineering pump intensity in polymer bottle microresonators, researchers enabled stable single-mode WGM lasing with enhanced selectivity.

Keywords:
bottle microresonatorspolymersingle-mode lasingspatial pump engineeringwhispering-gallery modes

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Whispering-gallery mode (WGM) microresonators are crucial for various optical applications.
  • Achieving single-mode lasing in these resonators remains a significant challenge.
  • Bottle microresonators offer inherent mode-selection capabilities due to spatially separated WGMs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a simple and general method for achieving single-mode WGM lasing in polymer bottle microresonators.
  • To engineer pump intensity to control spatial gain profiles and enable mode selection.
  • To explore the potential applications of this novel lasing approach.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing polymer bottle microresonators.
  • Engineering pump intensity into an interference distribution on the resonator surface.
  • Tuning the spacing of interference pump patterns to overlap with WGM intensity profiles.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a novel approach for single-mode WGM lasing.
  • Achieved high side-mode suppression factors (>20 dB).
  • Exhibited large spectral tunability (>8 nm), low lasing threshold, and reversible control.

Conclusions:

  • The engineered pump intensity method provides intrinsic single-mode lasing and selection.
  • This approach offers significant advantages for tunable single-mode lasers.
  • Potential applications include sensing and nonlinear optics.