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Rectal Venous Malformation Treated by Superior Rectal Artery Embolization.
J El-Sheikha1, M W Little2, M Bratby2
1Interventional Radiology Unit, Radiology Department, John Radcliffe Hospital, 2nd Floor, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK. Jelsheikha@doctors.org.uk.
Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology
|September 1, 2018
Summary
Interventional radiology successfully treated a complex rectal venous malformation (RVM) causing severe bleeding and anemia. Arterial embolization significantly reduced symptoms, enabling a return to daily activities and employment.
Area of Science:
- Interventional Radiology
- Vascular Malformations
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Rectal venous malformations (RVMs) can cause significant rectal bleeding and anemia.
- Previous treatments like sclerotherapy were unsuccessful in this case.
- A multidisciplinary approach was necessary for complex RVM management.
Observation:
- A 25-year-old female presented with recurrent rectal bleeding and anemia due to a large RVM.
- MRI revealed the extensive nature of the venous malformation.
- Three attempts at injection foam sclerotherapy failed to resolve the issue.
Findings:
- Embolization of the superior rectal arteries was performed to treat the RVM.
- The procedure showed immediate fluoroscopic improvement.
- Significant reduction in bleeding was observed within 10 days post-treatment.
- Follow-up MRI at 1 year showed reduced bowel-wall thickening.
Implications:
- Arterial embolization is a viable treatment for complex rectal venous malformations.
- This minimally invasive procedure can effectively manage severe bleeding and anemia.
- Successful treatment led to the patient's return to daily activities and employment.
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