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Muscular cramp: causes and management
M Swash1,2, D Czesnik3, M de Carvalho2
1Department of Neurology, Royal London Hospital and Barts and the London School of Medicine, QMUL, London, UK.
European Journal of Neurology
|September 1, 2018
Summary
Muscle cramps are common in healthy individuals, particularly the elderly and athletes. Despite associations with neurological disorders like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, their exact cause and effective treatments remain unclear.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Physiology
Background:
- Muscular cramp is a prevalent symptom in both healthy individuals and those with neurological conditions.
- It is notably associated with benign neurological syndromes and chronic neurogenic disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the diverse clinical associations of muscular cramp.
- To explore the neurophysiological basis of cramping, incorporating recent advancements in membrane physiology and motor neuron excitability.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature review was conducted.
- The review focused on understanding cramp's clinical associations and neurophysiological underpinnings.
Main Results:
- Muscular cramp presents in various clinical contexts, from healthy individuals post-exercise to specific neurological diseases.
- The neurophysiological mechanisms, particularly concerning membrane physiology and motor neuron excitability, are complex and not fully elucidated.
Conclusions:
- While cramp is common and linked to serious conditions, many aspects remain poorly understood.
- Further research is necessary to clarify the pathophysiology, and current therapeutic interventions are limited.
Keywords:
amyotrophic lateral sclerosisinvoluntary muscle contractionmuscle crampneurogenic and myopathic disordersspontaneous muscle hyperactivityMore Related Videos
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