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Order-Disorder Structural Transitions in Mazes Built by Evaporating Drops.

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Evaporation in porous media forms maze-like structures from solid deposits. A cellular automaton model explains this pattern formation, influenced by material properties and geometry.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Surfactant solutions confined in porous media exhibit complex drying phenomena.
  • Evaporation-driven pattern formation is observed across various scientific disciplines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the formation of labyrinthine patterns during the evaporation of surfactant solutions in quasi-two-dimensional porous media.
  • To develop a model that explains the dynamics and structure of the resulting maze-like patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental observation of pattern formation during drying.
  • Development and application of a cellular automaton model to simulate maze generation.
  • Analysis of the influence of wettability heterogeneities and porous medium geometry.

Main Results:

  • Micron-sized labyrinthine patterns form centimeter-sized mazes through sequential Haines jumps.
  • The cellular automaton model accurately describes experimental maze formation dynamics and structure.
  • Two geometric dimensionless quantities were identified as key controllers of maze structural order.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals a mechanism for generating complex maze structures from simple evaporation processes.
  • The findings highlight the importance of pore-scale events and material properties in macroscopic pattern formation.
  • The developed model provides a framework for understanding and predicting such structures in confined evaporating systems.