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Using Tools to Help Us Think: Actual but Also Believed Reliability Modulates Cognitive Offloading.

Patrick P Weis¹, Eva Wiese¹

¹George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA.

|September 1, 2018

Summary

People adjust cognitive offloading based on external resource utility and beliefs. Preexisting beliefs, even if inaccurate, significantly impact cognitive offloading decisions in distributed cognitive systems.

Keywords:

HCI distributed cognition human systems integration metacognition situated cognition

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Science
Human-Computer Interaction
Metacognition

Background:

High-tech environments function as distributed cognitive systems, integrating internal and external resources.
Understanding cognitive offloading is crucial as it can impact performance variably.
Metacognitive processes influence the use of external resources for cognitive tasks.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how metacognitive processes influence cognitive offloading in distributed cognitive systems.
To examine the role of perceived and actual resource reliability on external resource use.
To determine the impact of beliefs about resource reliability on cognitive offloading behavior.

Main Methods:

An extended mental rotation paradigm was employed.
Participants could perform rotations internally or externally using a computer-based rotation knob.
Actual reliability (AR) and believed reliability (BR) of the external resource were manipulated.

Main Results:

Participants dynamically adjusted cognitive offloading and utility perceptions based on actual knob reliability.
Cognitive offloading decreased significantly when participants received false information about the knob's lower reliability.
Subjective beliefs about reliability, not just objective utility, strongly influenced offloading decisions.

Conclusions:

Cognitive offloading is influenced by both utility maximization and potentially erroneous preexisting beliefs.
Metacognitive monitoring and control play a key role in regulating external resource use.
Beliefs about external resource reliability can override objective utility assessments.