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Sex-Specific Asthma Phenotypes, Inflammatory Patterns, and Asthma Control in a Cluster Analysis
Han-Pin Hsiao1, Meng-Chih Lin2, Chao-Chien Wu2
1Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. in Practice
|September 1, 2018
Summary
This study reveals distinct asthma phenotypes in adult males and females. Female asthma clusters showed increased exacerbation risks related to atopy/eosinophils and obesity/neutrophils, while male clusters linked smoking status to exacerbations.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Immunology
- Genetics
Background:
- Asthma is a complex, heterogeneous respiratory disease influenced by various risk factors and cellular molecules.
- Sex differences may significantly impact asthma phenotypes and disease progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify sex-specific asthma phenotypes and associated health outcomes.
- To investigate the heterogeneity of asthma in adult populations based on sex.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of adult asthma patients (421 females, 299 males) was analyzed using factor analysis and 2-step cluster analysis.
- Eight key variables were selected to classify distinct asthma clusters.
- Logistic regression was employed to assess the risk of asthma-related outcomes within identified clusters.
Main Results:
- Three distinct asthma clusters were identified in both females and males.
- In females, atopy/eosinophil-predominant and obesity/neutrophil-predominant clusters showed over a 2-fold increased risk of asthma exacerbations.
- In males, clusters associated with current or ex-smoking status demonstrated a higher risk of asthma exacerbations.
Conclusions:
- This research highlights significant sex-based heterogeneity in asthma characteristics and phenotypes.
- Distinct inflammatory patterns (eosinophilic, neutrophilic) and risk factors (atopy, obesity, smoking) define specific asthma subtypes in adult males and females.
- Further understanding of these sex-specific asthma phenotypes and their underlying biological pathways is crucial for targeted management.
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