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Vaccine-preventable severe morbidity and mortality caused by meningococcus and pneumococcus: A population-based study

Fleur Lorton1,2,3, Martin Chalumeau2,4,5, Rémy Assathiany6,7

  • 1Centre d'investigation clinique INSERM 1413, Femme Enfant Adolescent CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France.

Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology
|September 1, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Incomplete childhood vaccinations for meningococcal C and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines are linked to severe infections and deaths. Improving immunization programs could significantly reduce these preventable cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccinology
  • Public Health Epidemiology

Background:

  • Suboptimal vaccination coverage and rising vaccine hesitancy pose significant public health challenges.
  • Meningococcal C and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines are critical for preventing severe childhood infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the morbidity and mortality associated with incomplete meningococcal C and pneumococcal conjugate vaccinations in children.
  • To quantify the impact of vaccine-preventable infections in a pediatric population.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, observational, population-based study was conducted in a French region from 2009 to 2014.
  • Included children aged 1 month to 16 years with community-onset bacterial infections requiring intensive care or resulting in death.
  • Defined vaccine-preventable infections based on national vaccine schedules and vaccination status.

Main Results:

  • Among 124 children with severe meningococcal or pneumococcal infections, 16% died and 10% had severe sequelae.
  • Vaccine-preventable infections accounted for 15% of all infections, 25% of deaths, and 25% of severe sequelae.
  • A significant proportion (61%) of eligible children had incomplete meningococcal C and pneumococcal conjugate vaccination schedules.

Conclusions:

  • Better implementation of immunization programs could reduce vaccine-preventable meningococcal and pneumococcal infections by approximately 25%.
  • Addressing vaccine hesitancy and improving vaccination coverage are crucial for reducing childhood morbidity and mortality.
  • Study findings can inform public health strategies to enhance vaccine perception and uptake.
Abstract

Keywords:
avoidable deathsepsissevere bacterial infectionsuboptimal carevaccination

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