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The association between vitamin D status and tuberculosis in children: A meta-analysis
Xiaoyun Gou1, Lingli Pan, Fajuan Tang
1Emergency Department, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China.
Background:
Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis (TB), but most studies have not reported a significant association. We conducted a meta-analysis to explore the association between vitamin D status and TB in children.
Methods:
Web of Science, Ovid Medline, and EMBASE were searched for studies in English that discussed vitamin D status and TB in children before January 22, 2018.
Results:
From the 585 initially identified studies, we selected those that addressed an association between vitamin D status and TB according to our preselected inclusion criteria. Our meta-analysis included 10 studies. According to the random effects model, TB was significantly associated with VDD (ORs, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.20-2.42; P < .05) in children. Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in TB patients than in controls, with a mean difference d = -5.49 nmol/L (95% CI, -10.42 to -0.55; P < .05), indicating that VDD was significantly associated with TB (OR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.30-2.44; P < .05) in children.
Conclusion:
This study suggests that vitamin D levels are significantly lower in children with TB/latent TB infection than in controls. TB may contribute to VDD in children. Therefore, VDD may be associated with TB in children.
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