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Characterization of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from free-range helmeted guineafowl

Mariana Monezi Borzi1, Marita Vedovelli Cardozo1, Elisabete Schirato de Oliveira1

  • 1UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Programa em Microbiologia Agrícola, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology : [Publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology]
|September 2, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Healthy helmeted guineafowl carry avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). These APEC strains exhibit high virulence, drug resistance, and pathogenicity, posing a transmission risk to other species and humans.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Microbiology
  • Antimicrobial Resistance
  • One Health

Background:

  • Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a significant cause of disease in poultry.
  • Free-range farming systems may harbor reservoirs of APEC.
  • The role of helmeted guineafowl as APEC reservoirs is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize APEC isolates from apparently healthy free-range helmeted guineafowl.
  • To assess the virulence, drug resistance, and pathogenicity of these APEC isolates.
  • To evaluate the potential for APEC transmission from guineafowl to other species.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and identification of Escherichia coli from guineafowl samples.
  • Molecular characterization of virulence-associated genes.
  • Antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
  • Pathogenicity assessment in avian models.

Main Results:

  • APEC isolates were recovered from apparently healthy guineafowl.
  • A high frequency of virulence-associated genes was observed in the isolates.
  • Most isolates displayed multi-drug resistance.
  • The isolates exhibited significant pathogenicity.

Conclusions:

  • Helmeted guineafowl can act as reservoirs for virulent and multi-drug resistant APEC.
  • These findings highlight a potential public health risk due to zoonotic transmission of resistant APEC.
  • Interventions are needed to control APEC in free-range poultry to mitigate antimicrobial resistance spread.
Keywords:
APECColibacillosisNumida meleagrisVirulence factorsZoonotic potential

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