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Biological degradation of aflatoxin M1 by Bacillus pumilus E-1-1-1

Xinxi Gu1, Jilu Sun1, Yuqi Cui1

  • 1College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.

Microbiologyopen
|September 2, 2018
PubMed

Insights

A novel Bacillus pumilus strain, E-1-1-1, isolated from elephant feces, effectively degrades aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) by 89.55% in 12 hours. This biological detoxification method shows promise for removing AFM1 from contaminated food sources.

Area of Science:

  • Food Science
  • Microbiology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a harmful mycotoxin found in milk, meat, and other foods, posing health risks, especially in developing nations.
  • Biological detoxification presents a viable strategy for mitigating AFM1 contamination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and identify bacterial strains capable of degrading AFM1 from environmental sources like animal waste, soil, and activated sludge.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of identified strains and their degradation products.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of AFM1-degrading bacteria from diverse environmental samples.
  • High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for analyzing degradation products.
  • 16S rRNA gene sequencing for bacterial identification.

Main Results:

  • A bacterial strain, E-1-1-1, isolated from African elephant feces, achieved an 89.55% AFM1 degradation rate within 12 hours.
  • Strain E-1-1-1 was identified as Bacillus pumilus.
  • The culture supernatant of Bacillus pumilus E-1-1-1 demonstrated high AFM1 degradation efficiency, while cells and cell extracts were less effective. Carbon and nitrogen sources significantly impacted degradation.

Conclusions:

  • Bacillus pumilus E-1-1-1 is a potent AFM1-degrading bacterium with potential applications in food safety and industrial detoxification processes.
  • The study highlights the significance of environmental factors like carbon and nitrogen sources for optimizing bacterial detoxification of AFM1.
Keywords:
Bacillus pumilusaflatoxin M1biodegradationdetoxificationfood safety

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