Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 5, 2026
10:52
Microelectrode Guided Implantation of Electrodes into the Subthalamic Nucleus of Rats for Long-term Deep Brain Stimulation
Published on: October 2, 2015
20.6K
Computed tomographic method to quantify electrode lead deformation and subdural gap after lead implantation for deep
Olivier Darbin1, Daniel Dees1, Markus Lammle2
1Department of Neurology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama, USA.
Journal of Neuroscience Methods
|September 2, 2018
Summary
A new method quantifies deep brain stimulation (DBS) lead deformation caused by brain tissue changes after surgery. This technique helps assess lead accuracy and patient outcomes in movement disorder treatments.
Area of Science:
- Neurosurgery
- Medical Imaging
- Computational Anatomy
Background:
- Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a key treatment for movement and psychiatric disorders.
- Post-operative brain tissue deformation, such as subdural gaps, can displace DBS leads from their targets.
- Lead deformation can compromise the efficacy of DBS therapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and present a novel method for quantifying lead deformation after DBS surgery.
- To assess the relationship between subdural gaps and lead deformation in patients.
Main Methods:
- A semi-automatic computational algorithm was developed using Computed Tomography (CT) scans.
- The algorithm calculates lead curvature relative to a straight line from entry to tip.
- Subdural gap volume was quantified from CT data.
Main Results:
- The method was applied to two DBS patient cases.
- Lead deformation was quantified, with maximum deviations of 1.1 mm and 2.6 mm.
- Associated subdural gaps measured 5.5 mL and 9.6 mL.
Conclusions:
- This is the first method to comprehensively characterize in situ lead deformation.
- The algorithm offers a simple, semi-automatic way to assess lead curvature and brain tissue deformation post-DBS.
Related Concept Videos
01:22Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers
552
Understanding the working function of different types of controllers can be illustrated with practical analogies, such as adjusting a stereo's volume equalizer. Cranking up the bass involves a phase-lead controller, which functions as a high-pass filter, while increasing the treble uses a phase-lag controller, which acts as a low-pass filter. PD controllers, similar to high-pass filters, enhance the system's response to high-frequency components. PI controllers, akin to low-pass...
552
01:24Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control
456
Phase-lead controllers are commonly used in various control systems to enhance response speed and stability. Adjusting the brightness on a television screen offers a practical example of phase-lead control. When contrast is enhanced, a phase-lead controller is employed. Mathematically, phase-lead control is identified when the first parameter is smaller than the second.
The design of phase-lead control involves the strategic placement of poles and zeros to balance steady-state error and system...
The design of phase-lead control involves the strategic placement of poles and zeros to balance steady-state error and system...
456
01:24Area Computation by the Alternative Coordinate Method
645
The alternative coordinate method, also known as the Shoelace Formula, is a technique for determining the area of a traverse using Cartesian coordinates. This method relies on the sequential arrangement of x and y coordinates for each point of the shape, ensuring accuracy and ease of application.In this approach, each corner's x and y coordinates are listed as fractions, with the x-coordinate as the numerator and the y-coordinate as the denominator. These coordinates are arranged sequentially...
645
01:37Gap Junctions
57.2K
Multicellular organisms employ a variety of ways for cells to communicate with each other. Gap junctions are specialized proteins that form pores between neighboring cells in animals, connecting the cytoplasm between the two, and allowing for the exchange of molecules and ions. They are found in a wide range of invertebrate and vertebrate species, mediate numerous functions including cell differentiation and development, and are associated with numerous human diseases, including cardiac and...
57.2K
01:27Gap Junctions
9.6K
The cytoplasm of adjacent animal cells can exchange small molecules, ions, and secondary messengers via the communication channels which form the gap junctions. These junctions comprise a few hundred to thousands of molecular channels, each made of two halves, called the connexon hemichannel. A connexon is a hexamer of six transmembrane connexin proteins, which assemble radially, thus forming a pore or channel in the center. One connexon hemichannel docks with a corresponding connexon on the...
9.6K
01:19Plastic Deformations
470
Plastic deformation represents a fundamental concept in materials science, which explains the irreversible change in the shape of a material when it experiences stress beyond its elastic capability. This phenomenon is important in structural engineering, especially in designing and analyzing cantilever beams—structures that are securely fixed at one end and bear loads at the opposite end. When these beams are subjected to loads within their elastic range, they will return to their...
470