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Detecting eukaryotic microbiota with single-cell sensitivity in human tissue.

Susanne Lager1,2, Marcus C de Goffau3, Ulla Sovio1,2

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study investigated placental eukaryotic infections in adverse pregnancy outcomes. Researchers found no evidence of such infections, suggesting they do not cause fetal growth restriction, pre-eclampsia, or pre-term birth.

Keywords:
18S rRNA geneFetal growth restrictionInfectionPlacentaPre-eclampsiaPre-term birthPregnancy complicationSequencing

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Adverse pregnancy outcomes like fetal growth restriction, pre-eclampsia, and pre-term birth contribute significantly to global maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.
  • Placental dysfunction is suspected in a substantial proportion of these cases, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown.
  • This study explored the potential role of placental eukaryotic infection in these pregnancy complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between adverse pregnancy outcomes and evidence of eukaryotic infection in placental tissue.
  • To determine if eukaryotic pathogens play a role in placental dysfunction leading to pregnancy complications.

Main Methods:

  • A modified 18S Illumina Amplicon Protocol from the Earth Microbiome Project was utilized.
  • The protocol was optimized for high sensitivity, capable of detecting a single spiked-in genome copy of eukaryotic pathogens (Plasmodium falciparum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, or Toxoplasma gondii) among human cells.
  • Placental biopsies from women with adverse pregnancy outcomes (n=199) and healthy controls (n=99) were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • No eukaryotic pathogens were detected in placental biopsies from either the adverse pregnancy outcome group or the healthy control group.
  • The highly sensitive method confirmed the absence of detectable eukaryotic infections in the studied placental samples.

Conclusions:

  • Eukaryotic infection of the placenta is not an underlying cause of major adverse pregnancy outcomes such as fetal growth restriction, pre-eclampsia, and pre-term birth.
  • The developed non-targeted, highly sensitive eukaryotic screening method shows potential for various clinical applications.