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Isolation of Rat Adipose Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Differentiation into Insulin-producing Cells
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Translin modulates mesenchymal cell proliferation and differentiation in mice.
Yukiko Ikeuchi1, Azusa Imanishi1, Katsuko Sudo2
1Division of Medical Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, 654-0142, Japan.
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|September 3, 2018
Summary
Translin protein restricts mesenchymal cell growth and differentiation. Loss of Translin in mice leads to enhanced cell proliferation and adipogenesis, suggesting a key regulatory role in these processes.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology
- Developmental Biology
Background:
- Translin is a conserved DNA/RNA binding protein involved in RNA processing and DNA repair.
- Recent studies suggest Translin's involvement in mesenchymal cell physiology.
- The specific role of Translin in mesenchymal cell proliferation and differentiation requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the intrinsic role of Translin in mesenchymal cell proliferation and differentiation.
- To analyze the effects of Translin deficiency on mouse embryonic fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells.
- To assess the impact of Translin on osteogenic and adipocytic differentiation.
Main Methods:
- Generation and analysis of Translin-deficient mouse models.
- In vitro and in vivo proliferation assays using fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells.
- Assessment of osteogenic and adipocytic differentiation potential.
- Histological analysis of adipose tissues.
Main Results:
- Translin-deficient fibroblasts exhibited enhanced growth.
- Translin-deficient bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells showed increased proliferation in vitro and in vivo.
- These cells displayed enhanced osteogenic and adipocytic differentiation.
- Histological analysis revealed adipocytic hypertrophy in various adipose tissues.
- Translin knockout did not impact subcutaneous white adipose tissue-derived stem cell growth but enhanced their in vitro adipocytic differentiation.
- Translin-null mice showed normal metabolic homeostasis, contrary to previous reports.
Conclusions:
- Translin plays an intrinsic role in restricting mesenchymal cell proliferation.
- Translin is a key regulator of mesenchymal cell differentiation, particularly in adipogenesis.
- Environmental conditions may influence the phenotype of Translin-null mice.
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