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Translin modulates mesenchymal cell proliferation and differentiation in mice

Yukiko Ikeuchi1, Azusa Imanishi1, Katsuko Sudo2

  • 1Division of Medical Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, 654-0142, Japan.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|September 3, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Translin protein restricts mesenchymal cell growth and differentiation. Loss of Translin in mice leads to enhanced cell proliferation and adipogenesis, suggesting a key regulatory role in these processes.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Translin is a conserved DNA/RNA binding protein involved in RNA processing and DNA repair.
  • Recent studies suggest Translin's involvement in mesenchymal cell physiology.
  • The specific role of Translin in mesenchymal cell proliferation and differentiation requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the intrinsic role of Translin in mesenchymal cell proliferation and differentiation.
  • To analyze the effects of Translin deficiency on mouse embryonic fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells.
  • To assess the impact of Translin on osteogenic and adipocytic differentiation.

Main Methods:

  • Generation and analysis of Translin-deficient mouse models.
  • In vitro and in vivo proliferation assays using fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells.
  • Assessment of osteogenic and adipocytic differentiation potential.
  • Histological analysis of adipose tissues.

Main Results:

  • Translin-deficient fibroblasts exhibited enhanced growth.
  • Translin-deficient bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells showed increased proliferation in vitro and in vivo.
  • These cells displayed enhanced osteogenic and adipocytic differentiation.
  • Histological analysis revealed adipocytic hypertrophy in various adipose tissues.
  • Translin knockout did not impact subcutaneous white adipose tissue-derived stem cell growth but enhanced their in vitro adipocytic differentiation.
  • Translin-null mice showed normal metabolic homeostasis, contrary to previous reports.

Conclusions:

  • Translin plays an intrinsic role in restricting mesenchymal cell proliferation.
  • Translin is a key regulator of mesenchymal cell differentiation, particularly in adipogenesis.
  • Environmental conditions may influence the phenotype of Translin-null mice.
Keywords:
Adipose-derived stem cellsCFU-FCell differentiationCell growthMesenchymal stem cellsTranslin/TRAX complex

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