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Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Drug Interactions01:25

Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Drug Interactions

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Drug interactions occur when the pharmacological effect of one drug is altered by another substance, either enhancing or diminishing its activity. The drug whose activity is altered is known as the object drug, and the substance causing the alteration is called the agent drug or the precipitant. The net effects of these interactions are mostly undesirable, leading to decreased effectiveness or increased adverse effects. In rare cases, interactions can be beneficial, such as the enhanced...
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Bioequivalence of Drugs: Drugs with Multiple Indications01:09

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The concept of therapeutic equivalence (TE) in drugs with multiple indications is complex. A generic drug may be therapeutically equivalent to a brand-name product for one specific indication, but this doesn't necessarily mean it's equivalent for all other indications. Evidence of TE in one patient group and bioequivalence shown in healthy volunteers can support—but not confirm—TE for other indications. However, definitive proof requires individual clinical studies for each...
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FDA Approved Drugs: Changes to Approved Drugs01:26

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Post-approval, manufacturers may modify an approved new or generic drug product. Such modifications can encompass alterations in the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API), manufacturing process, formulation, batch size, manufacturing site, and container closure system (FDA Guidance for Industry, April 2004). Often, a drug product may undergo multiple changes.These modifications require careful evaluation to determine their potential impact on the drug product's identity, strength, quality,...
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Induced-fit Model01:13

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Most chemical reactions in cells require enzymes—biological catalysts that speed up the reaction without being consumed or permanently changed. They reduce the activation energy needed to convert the reactants into products. Enzymes are proteins, that usually work by binding to a substrate—a reactant molecule that they act upon.
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Drug binding to proteins is a complex phenomenon influenced by various drug-related factors, each playing a significant role in the interaction between drugs and proteins within the body.
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[Drug-induced vasculitis].

Neila Fathallah1, Bouraoui Ouni1, Sana Mokni2

  • 1Département de pharmacologie, faculté de médecine de Sousse, université de Sousse, avenue Md Karoui, 4002 Sousse, Tunisie.

Therapie
|September 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Drug-induced vasculitis, a subset of vasculitis, can be identified through clinical and histopathological findings. Early recognition and treatment are crucial for a favorable outcome, preventing severe complications.

Keywords:
Drug-inducedImputabilityImputabilitéMédicamentsVascularitesVasculitis

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Dermatology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Drug-induced vasculitis accounts for 10-20% of all vasculitis cases.
  • Various medications have been implicated in the development of drug-induced vasculitis.
  • Understanding the characteristics of drug-induced vasculitis is essential for accurate diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the epidemiological, clinical, histopathological, and evolutionary features of drug-induced vasculitis.
  • To identify specific drugs associated with drug-induced vasculitis.
  • To analyze a case series from a Tunisian pharmacovigilance center.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study conducted from January 2006 to December 2015.
  • Data collected from cases reported to the regional pharmacovigilance center of Sousse, Tunisia.
  • Diagnosis confirmed using the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria.

Main Results:

  • Thirteen cases of drug-induced vasculitis were identified over ten years (mean incidence 1.3 cases/year).
  • Patients' mean age was 40.84 years, with a mean onset delay of 14.46 days post-treatment.
  • Leukocytoclastic vasculitis was the predominant histopathological finding; all patients had a favorable outcome.
  • Implicated drugs included amoxicillin, fluconazole, metformin, ibuprofen, allopurinol, rituximab, and others.

Conclusions:

  • Early recognition of drug-induced vasculitis is possible through anamnesis, clinical examination, and histopathology.
  • Prompt and appropriate treatment is vital to prevent systemic progression and improve prognosis.
  • Identifying the causative agent is key to successful management.