Vegetation and condition of arid rangeland ecosystem in Central Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia rangeland ecosystems have undergone intense processes of degradation for many decades because of extreme climate and human activities such as overgrazing and socioeconomic changes. In this study, Hail and Qassim Regions of Saudi Arabia covering an area about 79610.73 km² were selected to study the rangeland vegetation and condition. Haloxylon salicornicum was the most dominant species, covering more than 56% of the total area. The second prominent community was Acacia-Lycium shawii, which covers about 21% of total area. It was found that about 65% of vegetation in the surveyed area is in good or very good condition compared with about 31% in poor or deteriorated condition. Effective measures such as determination of carrying capacities and development of grazing systems have to be implemented to ensure resources sustainably.