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Related Concept Videos

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell...
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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Adult Stem Cells01:33

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Use of Human Perivascular Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration
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Published on: May 25, 2012

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Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Bone Regeneration.

Yuan-Zhe Jin1, Jae Hyup Lee1,2,3

  • 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery
|September 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show promise for bone regeneration. Bone marrow MSCs are widely used, while adipose-derived and perivascular MSCs require further research for efficacy and safety.

Keywords:
Bone diseasesOsteogenesisReviewStem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been clinically applied for two decades.
  • Numerous MSC populations have been identified or engineered.
  • A clear understanding of their comparative bone regeneration capabilities is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the literature on MSCs for bone regeneration.
  • To evaluate the current research progress and clinical utilization of different MSC types.
  • To identify promising MSC populations for future bone regeneration therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of MSCs for bone regeneration.
  • Analysis of MSC definitions, characteristics, and clinical applications.
  • Comparative assessment of MSC efficacy in bone regeneration studies.

Main Results:

  • Bone marrow-derived MSCs are the most extensively studied and clinically applied.
  • Adipose-derived MSCs and perivascular MSCs show potential for bone regeneration.
  • Further investigation into the efficacy and safety of these alternative MSC sources is necessary.

Conclusions:

  • Bone marrow MSCs remain the gold standard for clinical bone regeneration.
  • Adipose-derived and perivascular MSCs represent promising avenues for future research.
  • Continued research is crucial to optimize MSC-based therapies for bone defects.